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Things Your Mothers Want You to Know
Ways to Adapt Curriculum
If you have a child that does not qualify for special education but has a mental or physical impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities, including learning, that child may qualify for special help in a regular classroom setting under section 504 of IDEA.
The following is a list of accommodations that may help your child succeed in the classroom. The list can be used as a reference for parents and school personnel.
PHYSICAL ARRANGEMENT OF ROOM
LESSON PRESENTATION:
- pairing students to check work
- writing key points on the board
- providing peer tutoring
- providing visual aids, large print, films
- providing peer note taker
- making sure directions are understood i.e.: ask student to repeat directions and/or assignments.
- Preteach, teach and reteach
- Provide visual support for oral presentations
- including a variety of activities during each lesson
- repeating directions to the student after they have been given to the class: then have him/her repeat and explain directions to teacher
- providing written outline
- allowing student to tape record lessons
- having child review key points orally
- teaching through multi-sensory modes, visual, auditory, kinesthetics, olfactory
- using computer-assisted instruction
- accompany oral directions with written directions for child to refer to blackboard or paper
- provide a model to help students, post the model and refer to it often
- provide cross age peer tutoring
- to assist the student in finding the main idea underlying, highlighting, cue cards, etc.
- breaking longer presentations into shorter segments
ASSIGNMENTS/WORKSHEETS
- giving extra time to complete tasks
- simplifying complex directions i.e.: spelling words - instead of doing the entire list, have child do only the first half.. Work up a couple at a time in weeks to come if/when the child is ready for more.
- handing worksheets out one at a time
- reducing the reading level of the assignments
- requiring fewer correct responses to achieve grade (quality vs. quantity)
- allowing student to tape record assignments/homework
- providing a structured routine in written form
- providing study skills training/learning strategies
- giving frequent short quizzes and avoiding long tests
- shortening assignments; breaking work into smaller segments
- allowing typewritten or computer printed assignments prepared by the student or dictated by the student and recorded by someone else if needed.
- using self-monitoring devices
- reducing homework assignments i.e.: Cut the number of math problems in half - do the odds or the evens only on a page.
- not grading handwriting
- student should not be allowed to use cursive or manuscript writing
- reversals and transpositions of letters and numbers should not be marked wrong, reversals or transpositions should be pointed out for corrections
- do not require lengthy outside reading assignments
- teacher monitor students self-paced assignments (daily, weekly, bi-weekly)
- arrangements for homework assignments to reach home with clear, concise directions
- recognize and give credit for student's oral participation in class
- Use a reading pen so the student can read independently. Thus providing him an alternative to reading for use at school, home and in the community.
- Use a picture/word processor or intellikeys system. The student can learn some form of written communication, in which to express himself. For use at school, home and in the community.
- Augmentative communication device to back up his speech while he becomes more articulate. This requires an evaluation to find the best device. Possibly the PECS picture exchange communication system.
TEST TAKING
- allow student to take tests in a quiet environment or guidance office
- have student privately read aloud their written responses allowing open book exams
- giving exam orally
- giving take home tests
- using more objective items (fewer essay responses)
- allowing student to give test answers on tape recorder
- giving frequent short quizzes, not long exams
- allowing extra time for exam
- reading test item to student
- avoid placing student under pressure of time or competition
ORGANIZATION
- allow student to Xerox notes taken during lectures from another student designated as transcriber
- allow student to compile all ideas about a specific subject for a paper and have another student organize the information for the student providing peer assistance with organizational skills
- assigning volunteer homework buddy
- allowing student to have an extra set of books at home
- sending daily/weekly progress reports home
- developing a reward system for in-schoolwork and homework completion
- providing student with a homework assignment notebook
BEHAVIORS
- use of timers to facilitate task completion
- structure transitional and unstructured times (recess, hallways, lunchroom, locker room, library, assembly, field trips, etc.)
- praising specific behaviors
- using self-monitoring strategies
- giving extra privileges and rewards
- keeping classroom rules simple and clear
- making "prudent use" of negative consequences
- allowing for short breaks between assignments
- cueing student to stay on task (nonverbal signal)
- marking student's correct answers, not his mistakes
- implementing a classroom behavior management system
- allowing student time out of seat to run errands, etc.
- ignoring inappropriate behaviors not drastically outside classroom limits
- allowing legitimate movement
- contracting with the student
- increasing the immediacy of rewards
- implementing time-out procedures
OTHER
- allow for more foreign language (or phys ed...or whatever) waivers where appropriate
- ask for the work to be "ungraded". Have the student receive a + or - for EFFORT, not for performance.
A NOTE FROM ONE OF YOUR MOTHERS
These suggestions listed here are not solutions for a child with a learning disability or ADHD. My child has both and I see that when a teacher lessens his load only reinstates in the child that he is not as smart as the rest of his class. I insist that my son have the same homework as his classmates.
I also believe it is important for his education, his ability to stay encouraged. He has a disability which means he must work harder not have less to do. This makes it more difficult on me as a result because he does need constant attention while doing his homework so I have to schedule that time into my schedule to help him succeed. I also work fulltime and go to school two nights a week, but we get it done. It's a shame that quality time available to spend with the family has to be blocked off in homework with one of the family - but that's how we manage it. I am a single parent also but we are doing well.
The most important thing I believe is to keep a high positive attitude, show no anger or frustration toward your child but display an attitude of service and an honest desire to help and your child will want to succeed and do the work to achieve success. Pick out the 3 main points of the topic being studied and focus on those instead of trying to include every little detail. i.e. : when studying the parts of a flower/plant instead of going into stamen , pistol etc concentrate on flower , stem and roots. In other words Keep It Simple Stu... This helps not only the student stay focused but the teacher/aide as well.
A NOTE FROM ANOTHER ONE OF YOUR MOTHERS
Color - Try changing the background color of the text. I'm not sure how it works, but this little trick raised my daughter's reading comprehension from middle of the seventh grade to middle of the eleventh grade in ONE semester! Something happens neurologically that makes text easier to understand. Go to the office supply store and buy a variety of different colored dividers (the kind that go into binders). Get light and dark colors... try having your child read text using the different colors over the book. Some colors won't make any difference, some will make it worse, and one just might make the words pop out of the book and make it easier to understand. My daughter is 31 and she still uses her light lavender sheet when she reads. She even reads for pleasure now.
Lighting - Some kids are better able to understand what they are reading with the light over their head lighting up the book. Some kids do better with the light under their eyes lighting the book. Some read better with fluorescent light and some read better with incandescent (light bulb) lighting. Just playing with those four variables (above/below the head; fluorescent/incandescent) can improve a child's comprehension.
Magic magnifiers - These two little magnifiers are not very helpful for people who are visually impaired because they don't magnify much. But they have proven to be pretty neat for some students with reading comprehension issues. In Illinois, you can borrow them for up to six weeks for free at the Illinois Assistive Technology Program, 800-852-5110 v/tty, IL only.
- The Yellow Tracker Bar Magnifier has a yellow line helps the student not get lost on the page. The highlighted yellow line points them to the line they are reading.
- The Visual Tracking Dome Magnifier highlights just a few words on a line by "graying out" the other text.
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Mothers From Hell 2
c/o. Kimberly Morrell
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